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''Provence'' was a battleship of the French Navy built in the 1910s, named in honor of the French region of Provence. She was a member of the ''Bretagne'' class, alongside her two sister ships, ''Bretagne'' and ''Lorraine''. ''Provence'' was laid down in May 1912 at the Arsenal de Lorient, launched in April 1913, and commissioned into the fleet in March 1916, after the outbreak of World War I. She was armed with a main battery of ten guns and had a top speed of . ''Provence'' spent the bulk of her career in the French Mediterranean Squadron, where she served as the fleet flagship. During World War I, she was stationed at Corfu to prevent the Austro-Hungarian fleet from leaving the Adriatic Sea, but she saw no action. She was modernized significantly in the 1920s and 1930s, and conducted normal peace-time cruises and training maneuvers in the Mediterranean and Atlantic Ocean. She participated in non-intervention patrols during the Spanish Civil War. In the early days of World War II, ''Provence'' conducted patrols and sweeps into the Atlantic to search for German surface raiders. She was stationed in Mers-el-Kébir when France surrendered on 22 June 1940. Fearful that the Germans would seize the French Navy, the British Royal Navy attacked the ships at Mers-el-Kébir. ''Provence'' was damaged and sank in the harbor, though she was refloated and moved to Toulon, where she became the flagship of the training fleet there. In late November 1942, the Germans occupied Toulon and, to prevent them from seizing the fleet, the French scuttled their ships, including ''Provence''. She was raised in July 1943, and some of her guns were used for coastal defense in the area; the Germans scuttled her a second time in Toulon as a blockship in 1944. ''Provence'' was ultimately raised in April 1949 and sold to ship breakers. == Design == (詳細はArsenal de Lorient on 1 May 1912, launched on 20 April 1913, and completed in June 1915. She was commissioned into the French Navy on 1 March 1916. The ship was long overall and had a beam of and a full-load draft of . She displaced around at full load and had a crew of between 1124 and 1133 officers and enlisted men. She was powered by four Parsons steam turbines with eighteen Belleville boilers. They were rated at and provided a top speed of . Coal storage amounted to . ''Provence''s main battery consisted of ten 340mm/45 Modèle 1912 guns mounted in five twin gun turrets, numbered from front to rear. They were placed all on the centerline; two were in a superfiring pair forward, one amidships, and the last two in a superfiring arrangement aft. The secondary battery consisted of twenty-two Canon de 138 mm Modèle 1910 guns in casemates along the length of the hull. She also carried seven , two on the conning tower and one on the roof of each turret. The ship was also armed with four submerged torpedo tubes. The ship's main belt was thick and the main battery was protected by up to of armor. The conning tower had thick sides. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「French battleship Provence」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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